Significant Intestinal Excretion, One Source of Variability in Pharmacokinetics of COL-3, a Chemically Modified Tetracycline
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-2005
Keywords
Caco-2 cell, chemically modified tetracycline, COL-3, intestinal excretion, transport study, variability in pharmacokinetics
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-004-1877-8
Abstract
Purpose: This study was undertaken to examine the disposition of COL-3, a chemically modified tetracycline, in order to elucidate its major route of elimination as one possible source of the variability in pharmacokinetics of COL-3 in vivo.
Methods: The disposition profile of COL-3 in vivo was assessed by examining the urinary and fecal excretion of the unchanged drug and/or its metabolites in rats after single intravenous and oral administration. The biliary excretion of COL-3 administered orally in bile duct-cannulated rats was also examined. In addition, plasma protein binding and cytochromes P450-mediated metabolism were explored along with erythrocyte partitioning in vivo. Furthermore, transport of COL-3 across Caco-2 monolayers was performed to elucidate the mechanism of intestinal excretion of COL-3 in vivo.
Results: COL-3 was extensively bound to plasma protein in rat (98%) and human plasma (95%). The affinity of rat blood cells for COL-3, as measured by the ratio of drug concentration in blood cells to that unbound in plasma, was about 36. Of the single intravenous and oral doses, less than 0.2% and 0.03% were excreted unchanged in rat urine, respectively; while 32.1 ± 9.9% and 38.8 ± 6.1% were recovered unchanged in rat feces, respectively, within 48 h postdosing. Of the oral dose, 1.36 ± 0.66% and 2.97 ± 0.88% were excreted in rat bile as the unchanged COL-3 and the total of COL-3 and its glucuronide conjugate, respectively, within 24 h after dosing. COL-3 had insignifi cant cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism but underwent phase II metabolism (i.e., glucuronidation) in a minor quantity. COL-3 was not a substrate of P-glycoprotein. Its transport across Caco-2 monolayers was significantly affected by protein binding and pH.
Conclusions: Intestinal excretion, a route different from biliary excretion, is the major route of elimination for COL-3 in rats. Variability in intestinal excretion, due to extreme variable intestinal contents (food and digestive fluids), could be one source of variability in COL-3 pharmacokinetics in vivo in addition to the dissolution rate-limited absorption.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
No
Citation / Publisher Attribution
Pharmaceutical Research, v. 22, issue 3, p. 397-404
Scholar Commons Citation
Li, Jing; Zhou, Shufeng; Huynh, Hung; and Chan, Eli, "Significant Intestinal Excretion, One Source of Variability in Pharmacokinetics of COL-3, a Chemically Modified Tetracycline" (2005). Pharmacy Faculty Publications. 22.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/pharm_facpub/22
